Courses

The history of Israel from the founding of the state to the present; emphasis on the circumstances leading to the establishment of the Jewish state and on the domestic and foreign policy of Israel.

Italy from the rise of national consciousness in the 18th century to the republic. Emphasis on unification, the Liberal State, and the Fascist era. Topics include programs for state formation, domestic and foreign policies, social, cultural, and economic development, the Southern Question, immigration, Fascism, World War II, and the origins of the republic.

An analysis of European philosophy in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Selected readings from Descartes, Hobbes, Spinoza, Leibniz, Locke, Berkeley, and Hume.

A critical survey of nineteenth-century philosophy and its immediate background in Kant; examination of German idealists, their opponents and successors. Selected readings from Hegel, Schopenhauer, Marx, Mill, Kierkegaard, and Nietzsche.

A survey of the radical shifts in sculptural practices since the late 19th century through a study of the careers of prominent sculptors: from Rodin and Brancusi to Duchamp and Picasso, Giacometti, Bourgeois, Noguchi, Andre, Hesse, and others.

See Department for Description.

From its beginnings as a Dutch colony to the present. Special attention to original materials, biographers, diaries, and travels that describe New York from generation to generation.

A survey of photography's history as an art form as well as of its social history, with attention to how those histories intersect. Organized thematically by photographic genres: portraiture, landscape, documentary, and others.

A study of the major philosophical movements in Western Europe from 1350-1600. Topics to be investigated include Humanism, Renaissance Platonism and Aristotelianism, the philosophical implications of the Protestant Reformation, the new philosophies of nature, and the rise of modern science.

Institutions, politics, economy, society, and culture of Southeastern Europe under Ottoman rule.