Geoscientists, Except Hydrologists and Geographers

Study the composition, structure, and other physical aspects of the Earth. May use geological, physics, and mathematics knowledge in exploration for oil, gas, minerals, or underground water; or in waste disposal, land reclamation, or other environmental problems. May study the Earth's internal composition, atmospheres, and oceans, and its magnetic, electrical, and gravitational forces. Includes mineralogists, paleontologists, stratigraphers, geodesists, and seismologists.

SOC: 19-2042.00

Common Job Titles

GeologistGeophysicistGeoscientistProject Geologist

What You'll Need to Succeed

AI-generated

Key competencies for this occupation at a glance

  • KnowledgeFormulate geological models and exploration strategies by synthesizing geophysical, geochemical, and stratigraphic evidence with theoretical frameworks.
  • KnowledgeDesign field investigation programs and sampling strategies that integrate multiple data sources to address exploration, environmental, or research objectives.
  • KnowledgeAnalyze geological, geochemical, and geophysical data from field and laboratory sources using specialized software and computational tools to interpret Earth's composition and structure.
  • KnowledgeEvaluate subsurface geological formations and mineral deposits for natural resource exploration, environmental assessment, or hazard mitigation independently in field and laboratory settings.
  • KnowledgeInterpret seismic data, well logs, and geophysical survey results using GIS software and 3D visualization tools to identify subsurface features and resource potential.
  • Hands-onOperate geological field equipment including GPS receivers, magnetometers, and seismographs in diverse terrain and environmental conditions following established protocols.
  • MindsetIntegrate interdisciplinary scientific perspectives with stakeholder needs when communicating geological findings to technical and non-technical audiences.
  • KnowledgeApply mathematical and physics principles to geologic systems for quantitative analysis of Earth processes, resource estimation, and hazard assessment.
  • KnowledgeAssess environmental impact and compliance with regulatory standards for land reclamation, waste disposal, or natural resource extraction projects.
  • Hands-onExecute sample collection and preparation procedures for rock, soil, and sediment analysis using specialized laboratory instruments and maintaining quality control standards.
Wage Data According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics

Annual wage data for Geoscientists, Except Hydrologists and Geographers (2024)

Estimated Total Employment (U.S.)

22,510

Wage Distribution by Percentile

MetricU.S.
10% of workers earn the following or less$58,790
10% of workers earn the following or more$178,880
Workers on average earn$111,310

+ indicates wage is at or above the BLS reporting cap ($239,200/year)

Skills & Requirements

Key competencies for this occupation, ranked by importance

  • Geography4.0/5
  • Mathematics3.8/5
  • English Language3.8/5
  • Chemistry3.8/5
  • Physics3.6/5
Tools & Technology

Equipment and software commonly used in this occupation

In-Demand Technology

Frequently requested by employers in job postings

Adobe AcrobatAdobe PhotoshopAutodesk AutoCADESRI ArcGIS softwareGitMicrosoft AccessMicrosoft Active Server Pages ASPMicrosoft ExcelMicrosoft Office softwareMicrosoft OutlookMicrosoft PowerPointMicrosoft ProjectMicrosoft WordMySQLPythonSASThe MathWorks MATLAB

Technology Skills

ACD Systems CanvasAlara CRystalViewAquifer test softwareAtoll GeoCADBOSS DidgerBentley Systems gINTBilkoChemStat

Tools & Equipment

Abney levelsAgitatorsAll terrain vehicles ATVAlternating field demagnitizersAltimetersAnalog map measurersArgon plasma atomic emission spectroscopesAtomic absorption AA spectrophotometers